Introduction
Life is unpredictable, and sometimes health issues can strike suddenly. While visiting a doctor is essential, knowing basic first aid for common diseases can help you manage symptoms promptly, reduce complications, and provide comfort until medical care is available. Here’s a handy guide on first aid for some of the most common illnesses.
1. Fever
Symptoms:
High body temperature, sweating, chills, headache, muscle aches.
First Aid Tips:
Keep the person hydrated with water, herbal teas, or electrolyte drinks.
Use a cool, damp cloth on the forehead or take a lukewarm bath to reduce temperature.
Avoid heavy clothing or blankets to prevent overheating.
Over-the-counter fever reducers like paracetamol can help.
Monitor temperature regularly. If it exceeds 103°F (39.4°C) or persists for more than 3 days, seek medical help.
2. Diarrhea
Symptoms:
Frequent loose or watery stools, abdominal cramps, dehydration risk.
First Aid Tips:
Encourage frequent sips of oral rehydration solutions (ORS) or clear fluids.
Avoid dairy, caffeine, and fatty foods until recovery.
Maintain good hygiene to prevent spread.
If diarrhea lasts more than 2 days, or if there’s blood in stools or severe dehydration signs, consult a doctor immediately.
3. Asthma Attack
Symptoms:
Difficulty breathing, wheezing, coughing, chest tightness.
First Aid Tips:
Help the person sit upright and stay calm.
Assist in using a prescribed inhaler (usually a blue reliever inhaler).
If no improvement in 10 minutes or worsening symptoms, call emergency services.
Loosen tight clothing and ensure fresh air access.
4. Allergic Reaction
Symptoms:**
Rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing (severe reactions).
First Aid Tips:
Identify and remove the allergen if possible.
For mild reactions, apply antihistamine creams and take oral antihistamines.
For severe reactions (anaphylaxis), use an epinephrine auto-injector if available and call emergency services immediately.
Keep the person lying down with legs raised unless breathing is difficult.
5. Heat Stroke
Symptoms:
High body temperature (above 104°F/40°C), confusion, headache, nausea, rapid pulse.
First Aid Tips:
Move the person to a cooler place immediately.
Remove excess clothing and cool the body with wet cloths or a fan.
Offer small sips of water if conscious.
Call emergency help as heat stroke can be life-threatening.
"First Aid Steps for Common Injuries"
Visual Sections:
Cuts & Scrapes
Illustration of a hand with a small cut, water rinsing it, applying ointment, and bandaging.
Burns
Image of a hand under running cool water, removing jewelry, and covering burn with cloth.
Sprains & Strains
Diagram showing R.I.C.E. steps (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) on an ankle.
Nosebleeds
Person sitting with head forward, pinching nose, cold compress on nose.
Choking
Two frames: One showing Heimlich maneuver, another showing encouraging cough.
Quick and easy ways to manage symptoms before professional help arrives.
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